What brought down the World Trade Center’s Twin Towers was a gamma ray burst known to occur frequently throughout the universe, but not known to exist within the Earth’s atmosphere.  

An Introduction: Gamma Rays Bursts and Ball Lightning

Gamma ray bursts (GRBs) are a natural phenomena detected on a daily basis from Earth.  Under the right conditions an explosion causes an external shock to travel outwards at near the speed of light and as that shock encounters interstellar medium, reverse shocks are created.  Also within the fire ball a number of internal shocks are created. 

The bursts flow outwards in opposite direction as beams like a flashlight shining in opposite directions. Gamma ray bursts are scalable.  They can be massive, but they can also be tiny.  A beam like phenomenon occurs on a much smaller scale in the magnetosphere every few days.  Although it is called magnetic reconnection, it shares all the characteristics of a gamma ray burst.

Ninety-nine percent of the visible universe is plasma (a really hot fourth state of matter).  So it is natural to think that gamma ray bursts only occur in plasma, and this is most certainly true.  So it is counter intuitive to think that a gamma ray burst would occur within the atmosphere of Earth.  Plasma does not last long in our atmosphere as it is reduced to nothing fast -- at the speed of light.  To understand how GRBs could exist, we must understand ball lightning.

Ball lightning is a natural phenomenon with a history of destruction.  However throughout history people who have claimed to witness it were thought of as quacks.  Not until recently has ball lightning been accepted as a legitimate phenomenon as people are routinely creating it in microwaves and in labs. 

Ball lightning when it dissipates does so in one of two different manners: silently or explosively.  The silent decay can take place either rapidly or slowly.  The explosive decay takes place rapidly, accompanied by a loud noise, and often leaves a mist or residue. 

Ball lightning is an electromagnetic phenomenon where the magnetic field is really an electromagnetic knot.  Thus it is basically invisible, although some have electromagnetic frequencies in the visible range. and when it is visible, its visibility is variable.

Associated with the magnetic field are rapidly rotating electrical currents both negative and positive along with vibrations or waves of a multiple frequencies.  It is held together by a skin known as a double layer of charge. These are adjacent layers: one layer is positive and the other is negative.  This skin protects the plasma from what is outside.  However this skin is shed and is constantly being replaced in a pulsed vibration. 

These magnetic knots can stack one on top like a stack of tires  and a moving ball lightning can be deformed by the atmosphere to make a cigar shaped configuration.  These electromagnetic knots are known to bubble out little versions of themselves: so they can multiply. 

Another name for this phenomenon that scientists use is a “complex space charge configuration.”Alan Turing, mathematician and father of computer science, put forth a theory of self assembly. He noticed in many disciplines (like chemistry and biology) experienced self assembly.  His theory has been verified by other scientists since he published his paper.  Ball lightning also displays all the characteristics of self assembly which is the science behind why it forms in the first place.   

As the theory goes ball lightning contains plasma and hence gamma ray burst can occur within ball lightning.  It makes sense that it is a gamma ray burst that produces the explosive end with loud noise to the destructive type of ball lightning.

Ions in plasma can be those of any of elements.  Important ions are sulfur, oxygen, carbon, nitrogen, hydrogen and helium.  There is some evidence to point to carbon and oxygen ions are a requisite for a GRB.  Carbon has a unique quality within plasma, in that it can change to an excited state where its nucleus will change into the 3 separate alpha particles that are so attracted to each other that they hang together.

Plasma is the fourth state of matter.  The first state is solid, for example solid water is ice.  Heat up the ice and it melts to become a liquid, the second state of matter.  Add additional heat and the liquid water turns to steam, a gas and the third state of matter.  Add a lot more heat and the atoms within the steam break up into electrons and positive charged ions.  This is plasma, the fourth state of matter.  Every time a substance changes state it goes through a phase transition where the temperature is constant even though more energy is added until a certain point is reached where the matter changes its state. Putting a liquid over heat is not the only way to get it to change state; one could also put it in a microwave.  Thus within a complex space charge configuration its double layer boundary acts as a resonant chamber for microwaves as well as waves of other frequencies.  A solid can change into a plasma over a period of time with the right amount of energy added.

The Story of the World Trade Centers on September 11, 2001

The Story started weeks in advance if 9/11.  FEMA was call to action on 9/10 is evidence that strangeness was ongoing before the explosions of 9/11.  Ball lightning was attracted to the electrostatic field which existed in the substation beneath World Trade Center Seven (Con Edison Substation).  It stayed there, but also moved to other substations within the World Trade Center Complex.  Electrical substations were located in the mechanical rooms evenly spaced up the World Trade Center’s 110 floors located on floor 7/8, 41/42, 75/76 and 108/109. 

Ball lightning is generally invisible, but it would manifest itself in electrical and excess dust anomalies.  There is some evidence that such anomalies existed in the WTCs prior to 9/11/2001.

Floor 95 of World Trade Center 1 (North Tower) was rented by Marsh and McLennan who had a computer center on the north and east walls filled with computer equipment and uninterruptible power supplies (UPS), which are just batteries.  The significance of this is that it would be easy for a static electrical field to develop.  This electrostatic field is attractive to ball lightning.

Floor 81 of World Trade Center 2 (South Tower) had just undergone renovation where the floors were reinforced to house massive numbers of UPS.  Even if they were not turned on, a complex space charge would energize the floor to the point that it would create a large static electrical field. 

The black smoke from these explosions is an indication of sulfur burning.  Large anomalous quantities of sulfur were found in the remains of the WTC’s.  Sulfur ions were found deep within the steel beams even into the domain walls.  This is possible in plasma where the ions can intermix with atoms and where adjacent ions of oxygen can be imploded and transmuted to sulfur.

William Rodriguez, janitor at the WTC reported that there was a very loud massive explosion which seemed to emanate from between sub-basement B2 and B3. At first he thought it was a generator that had exploded, but the cement walls in the office cracked from the explosion.  "When I heard the sound of the explosion, the floor beneath my feet vibrated, the walls started cracking and everything started shaking” said William Rodriguez.  Just seconds later there was another explosion way above which made the building oscillate momentarily.  This report is consistent with a GRB.  The initial outward shock wave traveling at near the speed of light would be felt before the inner shock waves had a chance to propagate. True, even though both shock waves initiated at the same point and at the same time at the top of the WTC 1 (North Tower).

William Rodriguez also reported that Felipe David came into the office, and the skin on his face had been peeled away and he was horribly burned on thirty-three percent of his body.  Rodriguez said:  "He was burned so badly from the basement explosion that flesh was hanging from his face and both arms."  Skin can take some electric current, but if the current endures too long or is of high amperage, it will tear at the skin causing the type of injury here described.  The evidence still fits with an electromagnetic event. Mr. David was not the only one on the lowest floors who suffer with type of injury; there were others as well.

Tons of paper remained in the dust of the fallen towers.  The big question is why did it not burn or turn to dust along with everything else in the buildings?  Paper makes a good dielectric because a current will not flow through it.  Electrons can move from one side to the other, however.  If the paper is caught in a flow of electricity, then the only way for the electrons to move is to move the whole piece of paper.  A double layer would attract a piece of paper if the voltage is high enough.  The paper would have momentum as it is moving through the double layer and as it got to the other side, the sheet would be repelled by the like charge. Then a blast wave could move the paper out faster.  So the paper is an indication that it had interacted with a double layer of ball lightning.  Paper is little affected by an electromagnetic event.

Carbon also plays a special role in ball lightning.  In plasma, carbon can move into an excited state.  Here the normal six neutrons and six protons divide into 3 alpha particles.  An alpha particle is just the nucleus of a helium atom.  The 3 alpha particles have an attraction for each other so they stay close and if the excited carbon atom calms down the alphas join back into a carbon nucleus and expel a gamma ray.  However if carbon is in this excited state and more energy is added, the alpha particles will fly apart, and the carbon atom is no more.

Special forms of matter are created by ball lightning.  Spheres are created as some dust is alternately coated with positive particles and then with negative particles or as cavitating bubbles of plasma implode condensing the matter within the bubble to a sphere.  Dr. Steven Jones has documented that spheres were found in the dust and debris.  No evidence of nanodiamonds has surfaced, but it may in the future. Nanodiamonds are also an indication of ball lightning since carbon in its excited state can form the diamond crystal.  Not all excited carbon particle break up as a trio, a small percentage will break in two parts, creating a couple of lithium ions which are unstable and quickly degenerate to tritium, a radioactive isotope of hydrogen.  The levels of tritium in dust of the World Trade Centers were 55 times normal levels.

Oxygen plays a role in ball lightning.  Oxygen can be finessed into giving up a sub particle which is made up of quarks and anti quarks. Stable within the nucleus, the sub particle quickly destabilizes when it is released. Anytime a particle is combined with its anti particle, the two will annihilate each other converting its mass into pure energy in the form of gamma rays.  The quantity of anti particles determines the size of the destruction.   

GRB’s create both external shocks and internal shocks.  Usually an explosion will create both ground vibrations and air vibrations.  External shocks associated with GRBs create beamed energy.  When that beamed energy is focused into the ground, an earthquake is registered on the instruments, but those same instruments will not detect airwaves since there is no disturbance coming from that direction.  This was the case on 9/11.

Internal shocks in the gamma ray burst create electromagnetic bubbles which fly out of the original ball lightning and account for the strange aerial phenomena on that day and also account for the damage done to cars and trucks. 

The top part of World Trade Center 1 (North Tower) held its shape, until it began to drop.  All of its excited carbon ions were disrupted as it fell into the gamma ray burst. 

All of its excited carbon ions were disrupted as it fell into the gamma ray burst.  Building Seven did the same with the exception that the ball lightning remained underground in the area of the Con Edison Substation.  So the whole building had to fall into the ground as it to turn to dust.  It was the same phenomenon as the top section of WTC1.

Human beings are subject to the same treatment, only it is then called spontaneous human combustion.

The story of 9/11 is one of a natural disaster very common in the universe, but not so common in the atmosphere of our planet.  Uncommon as it may be, it has happened before, it has happen since, and will happen in the future.  The good news is most the time it can be controlled just like lightning can be controlled.  Scientists must have the freedom to examine the phenomenon to protect people of the world from falling victim again.